P14ARF-p53 pathway

The p14ARF-p53 pathway. HDM2 sustains low basal levels of p53 by its continuous degradation [,]. p14ARF, activated by cellular stress signals and potentially regulated by estrogen and progesterone hormones in the breast [,,,,], causes inhibition of the HDM2–p53 complex, therefore stabilizing p53. p53 is able to bring about cell cycle arrest at the G1/S phase through the activation of the CDK inhibitor p21, which inhibits downstream CDK 4 and 6 [,,]. Both CDK 4 and 6 are well-known mediators of G1/S cell cycle progression, hence their inhibition by p21 halts the cell cycle [].

Publication

The Roles of p53 in Mitochondrial Dynamics and Cancer Metabolism: The Pendulum between Survival and Death in Breast Cancer?. (2018) David E. Moulder, et al. Cancers (Basel). 2018 Jun;10(6):189. Figure: F4. All organisms Homo sapiens Drosophila melanogaster

Disease mentions