Signaling Pathway of Estrogen Receptor

Signaling Pathway of Estrogen Receptor. Estrogen can cross the plasma membrane, where it interacts with intracellular ER and ER to affect DNA directly. The GPER1 and/or ER and ER can interact with estrogen to cause it, to activate intracellular signaling cascades as an alternative. Estrogen-mediated signaling events can be classified as genomic and non-genomic due to differences in the cellular and molecular processes regulating gene expression, in which estrogen-receptor complexes can bind to DNA directly or indirectly. The migration of estrogen-receptor complexes into the cell nucleus and direct contact with chromatin at particular DNA sequences known as estrogen response elements are two examples of genomic impacts (EREs). More than one-third of human genes controlled by estrogen receptors are reported to lack ERE sequence elements, although EREs have been found in multiple gene promoters and regulatory regions. Contrarily, non-genomic impacts entail the indirect control of gene expression via a range of intracellular signaling occasions. Below is a description of the known ways through which estrogens regulate both genomic and non-genomic aspects of gene expression.

Publication

Estrogens and the risk of breast cancer: A narrative review of literature (2023) Khayry Al-Shami, et al. Heliyon. 2023 Sep;9(9):e20224. Figure: F1. Homo sapiens

Disease mentions