The biosynthetic pathway for the catecholamine neurotransmitters
The biosynthetic pathway for the catecholamine neurotransmitters. Phenylalanine hydroxylase converts phenylalanine to tyrosine, tyrosine hydroxylase hydroxylates tyrosine to L-DOPA. DOPA is converted to dopamine by aromatic amino acid decarboxylase. Dopamine-β-hydroxylase hydroxylates dopamine to norepinephrine, which is methylated to epinephrine by phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. Tyrosine hydroxylase is the rate-limiting enzyme of the pathway.
Publication
Tyrosine Hydroxylase and Regulation of Dopamine Synthesis. () S. Colette Daubner, et al. Arch Biochem Biophys. ;508(1):1-12. Figure: F1.| Organism | Group | Word | Match | Source | NCBI Symbol | NCBI ID |
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| Word | Match | MeSH | Name | ChEBI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| dopamine | Dopamine | mesh:D004298 | dopamine | chebi:18243 |
| epinephrine | Epinephrine | mesh:D004837 | (R)-adrenaline | chebi:28918 |
| norepinephrine | Norepinephrine | mesh:D009638 | (R)-noradrenaline | chebi:18357 |
| phenylalanine | Phenylalanine | mesh:D010649 | phenylalanine | chebi:28044 |
| tyrosine | Tyrosine | mesh:D014443 | L-tyrosine | chebi:17895 |
Disease mentions
| Word | Match | MeSH | Name | DOID |
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