CSCs drug resistance methodology

CSCs drug resistance methodology. Cancer stem cells have developed multiple mechanisms to resist chemo- and radiotherapy. The nuclei of CSCs retain lower levels of reactive oxygen species, resulting in less DNA damage. The DNA damage response pathway is preferentially activated allowing for increased DNA repair capacity. A modified epigenetic signature can prevent CSCs from undergoing apoptosis through repression of retinoblastoma (Rb) protein activity. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters efficiently pump chemotherapeutic drugs out of the cell. The ALDH1 enzyme can effectively oxidize and inactivate certain bioactive metabolic drugs. IAP proteins block the function of death caspases preempting cell death. UroCa stem cells upregulate the expression of CD47 to prevent phagocytosis by macrophages
CSCs drug resistance methodology
Download JPG
View figure at PMC Read paper at PMC Open at NDEx
PMC
NDEx

Publication

Urothelial carcinoma: Stem cells on the edge. () William D. Brandt, et al. Cancer Metastasis Rev. ;28(3-4):291-304. Figure: F2.

Gene mentions


Organism Group Word Match Source NCBI Symbol NCBI ID
Homo sapiens Primates ABC ABC ncbigene_synonym ABCB6 10058
Homo sapiens Primates ABCB1 ABCB1 ncbigene_symbol ABCB1 5243
Homo sapiens Primates ABCG2 ABCG2 ncbigene_symbol ABCG2 9429
Homo sapiens Primates Chk1 CHK1 ncbigene_synonym CHEK1 1111
Homo sapiens Primates *MGMT/Chk1/Chk2 CHK2 ncbigene_synonym CHEK2 11200
Homo sapiens Primates *MGMT/Chk1/Chk2 MGMT ncbigene_symbol MGMT 4255
Homo sapiens Primates ALDH1 ALDH1 ncbigene_synonym ALDH1A1 216
Homo sapiens Primates Caspases CASPASE famplex_relations CASP1 834
Homo sapiens Primates Caspases CASPASE famplex_relations CASP2 835
Homo sapiens Primates Caspases CASPASE famplex_relations CASP4 837
Homo sapiens Primates Caspases CASPASE famplex_relations CASP5 838
Homo sapiens Primates Caspases CASPASE famplex_relations CASP6 839
Homo sapiens Primates Caspases CASPASE famplex_relations CASP8 841
Homo sapiens Primates Caspases CASPASE famplex_relations CASP9 842
Homo sapiens Primates Caspases CASPASE famplex_relations CASP10 843
Homo sapiens Primates Caspases CASPASE famplex_relations CASP12 100506742
Homo sapiens Primates Caspases CASPASE famplex_relations CASP14 23581
Homo sapiens Primates Caspases CASPASE famplex_relations CASP3 836
Homo sapiens Primates Caspases CASPASE famplex_relations CASP7 840
Homo sapiens Primates CD47 CD47 ncbigene_symbol CD47 961
Bos taurus Mammals ABCB1 ABCB1 ncbigene_symbol ABCB1 281585
Bos taurus Mammals ABCG2 ABCG2 ncbigene_symbol ABCG2 536203
Bos taurus Mammals *MGMT/Chk1/Chk2 MGMT ncbigene_symbol MGMT 616091
Bos taurus Mammals ALDH1 ALDH1 ncbigene_synonym ALDH1A1 281615
Bos taurus Mammals CD47 CD47 ncbigene_symbol CD47 282661
Mus musculus Rodents Low LOW ncbigene_synonym NA 20997
Mus musculus Rodents ABCB1 ABCB1 ncbigene_synonym Abcb1b 18669
Mus musculus Rodents ABCG2 ABCG2 ncbigene_symbol Abcg2 26357
Mus musculus Rodents Chk1 CHK1 ncbigene_synonym Chek1 12649
Mus musculus Rodents *MGMT/Chk1/Chk2 CHK2 ncbigene_synonym Chek2 50883
Mus musculus Rodents *MGMT/Chk1/Chk2 MGMT ncbigene_symbol Mgmt 17314
Mus musculus Rodents ALDH1 ALDH1 ncbigene_synonym Aldh1a1 11668
Mus musculus Rodents CD47 CD47 ncbigene_symbol Cd47 16423
Rattus norvegicus Rodents ABCB1 ABCB1 ncbigene_synonym Abcb1b 24646
Rattus norvegicus Rodents ABCB1 ABCB1 ncbigene_synonym Abcb1a 170913
Rattus norvegicus Rodents ABCG2 ABCG2 ncbigene_symbol Abcg2 312382
Rattus norvegicus Rodents Cycle CYCLE ncbigene_synonym Ccne1 25729
Rattus norvegicus Rodents *MGMT/Chk1/Chk2 CHK2 ncbigene_synonym Chek2 114212
Rattus norvegicus Rodents *MGMT/Chk1/Chk2 MGMT ncbigene_symbol Mgmt 25332
Rattus norvegicus Rodents ALDH1 ALDH1 ncbigene_synonym Aldh1a1 24188
Rattus norvegicus Rodents CD47 CD47 ncbigene_symbol Cd47 29364
Cavia porcellus Rodents ABCB1 ABCB1 ncbigene_symbol Abcb1 100733532
Cavia porcellus Rodents ABCB1 ABCB1 ncbigene_synonym Abcb1b 100462896
Cavia porcellus Rodents *MGMT/Chk1/Chk2 MGMT ncbigene_symbol Mgmt 100733185
Cavia porcellus Rodents CD47 CD47 ncbigene_symbol Cd47 100727770
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates ABC ABC ncbigene_synonym SRPK 36706
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Low LOW ncbigene_symbol Low 44325
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Cycle CYCLE ncbigene_synonym CycE 34924
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Cycle CYCLE ncbigene_synonym cyc 40162
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Chk1 CHK1 ncbigene_synonym grp 34993
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates *MGMT/Chk1/Chk2 CHK2 ncbigene_synonym lok 35288
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Rb RB ncbigene_symbol rb 31381

Chemical mentions

Word Match MeSH Name ChEBI

Disease mentions

Word Match MeSH Name DOID