Eukaryotic gene expression is controlled by multiple mechanisms, and its regulation is central for physiological responses to extracellular and intracellular signals

Eukaryotic gene expression is controlled by multiple mechanisms, and its regulation is central for physiological responses to extracellular and intracellular signals. An essential step in this process involves the movement of mRNA transcripts from the site of synthesis in the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where they can be translated into proteins. The nuclear export of mRNA transcripts can be broken down into distinct stages: first, pre-mRNA is transcribed in the nucleus, where it is processed and packaged into messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) complexes; second, the mRNPs are targeted to and translocate through nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) that are embedded in the nuclear envelope; and third, the mRNPs are directionally released into the cytoplasm for translation. Recent work has revealed that there is extensive mechanistic coupling between each of these steps (). Moreover, it has been shown that perturbations in the factors that are essential for mRNA nuclear export have surprising links to different disease states. In this article and its accompanying poster, we provide an overview of the mRNA nuclear export pathway.
Eukaryotic gene expression is controlled by multiple mechanisms, and its  regulation is central for physiological responses to extracellular and  intracellular signals

Publication

mRNA nuclear export at a glance. (2009) Sean R. Carmody, et al. J Cell Sci. 2009 Jun 15;122(12):1933-1937. Figure: F1.

Gene mentions


Organism Group Word Match Source NCBI Symbol NCBI ID
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates and AND ncbigene_synonym CkIIbeta 32132
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates and AND ncbigene_synonym Andorra 32798
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates and AND ncbigene_synonym Anp 43595
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates and AND ncbigene_synonym Acam 44913
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Sean SEAN ncbigene_synonym nom 41038
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Key KEY ncbigene_symbol key 37967
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates wnd WND ncbigene_symbol wnd 40143
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates he HE ncbigene_symbol He 117464
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates ef EF ncbigene_symbol ef 44147
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates va VA ncbigene_symbol Va 247258
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates on ON ncbigene_symbol On 252296
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates hom HOM ncbigene_synonym homer 33944
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates ALY ALY ncbigene_symbol aly 45960
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates ALY ALY ncbigene_synonym Ref1 44029
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates ard ARD ncbigene_synonym nAChRbeta1 38545
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates CAP CAP ncbigene_symbol CAP 36084
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates CAP CAP ncbigene_synonym SMC3 32627
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates CAP CAP ncbigene_synonym Cpn 41474
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates CAP CAP ncbigene_synonym Capa 43541
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates CAP CAP ncbigene_synonym capt 45233
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates CAP CAP ncbigene_synonym bel 45826
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates CAP CAP ncbigene_synonym SERCA 49297
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates CAP CAP ncbigene_synonym Cadps 49968
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates CAPR CAPR ncbigene_symbol Capr 59172
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates be BE ncbigene_symbol be 32430
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates THO THO ncbigene_synonym Tehao 34761
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates CBC CBC ncbigene_symbol cbc 36494
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Deps DEP ncbigene_symbol dep 248306
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Deps DEP ncbigene_synonym DptA 37183
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Deps DEP ncbigene_synonym dve 37546
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates (CRC CRC ncbigene_symbol crc 47767
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates (CRC CRC ncbigene_symbol cr-c 250506
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates (CRC CRC ncbigene_synonym Calr 41166
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates (Na NA ncbigene_symbol na 45338
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates (Nell NE11 ncbigene_synonym fs(1)ne11 5657841
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates (Net) NET ncbigene_symbol net 45339
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates (Net) NET ncbigene_synonym Neto 32303
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates (Net) NET ncbigene_synonym NetA 32398
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates (Net) NET ncbigene_synonym NetB 32400
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Cmt CMT ncbigene_symbol cmt 5656864
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates NAs NAS ncbigene_synonym fs(1)N 45973
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates HV HV ncbigene_symbol hv 47132
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates LAP LAP ncbigene_symbol lap 40863
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates LAP LAP ncbigene_synonym Lap-A 5656943
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates PABP2 PABP2 ncbigene_symbol Pabp2 35788
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates FRA FRA ncbigene_symbol fra 36377
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates FRA FRA ncbigene_synonym kay 3772082
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates via VIA ncbigene_synonym levy 37728
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates via VIA ncbigene_synonym COX6AL2 40066
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates ATPase,doksatNPCviaNupe14: ATPASE ncbigene_synonym Vha14-1 36731
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates doks DOK ncbigene_symbol Dok 31667
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates MetT METT ncbigene_synonym Met 32114
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates is IS ncbigene_symbol Is 44518
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Otps OTP ncbigene_symbol otp 37364
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates gge GGE ncbigene_synonym Ggamma30A 45234
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates inS INS ncbigene_synonym inc 31110
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates inS INS ncbigene_synonym insc 37355
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates inS INS ncbigene_synonym InR 42549
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Ps PS ncbigene_symbol ps 44258
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates ATP ATP ncbigene_synonym ATPsynbeta 43829
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates ATP ATP ncbigene_synonym Atpalpha 48971
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates png PNG ncbigene_symbol png 31084
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates png PNG ncbigene_synonym pnt 42757
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Ec EC ncbigene_symbol ec 31339
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Nup NUP ncbigene_synonym Nup107 34481
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Nup NUP ncbigene_synonym Nup154 34527
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Nup NUP ncbigene_synonym Nup160 34549
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Nup NUP ncbigene_synonym Mhc 35007
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Nup NUP ncbigene_synonym Nup50 35784
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Nup NUP ncbigene_synonym Nup98-96 42816
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Nup NUP ncbigene_synonym Nup214 46091
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Fend FEND ncbigene_symbol fend 31843
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Cec) CEC ncbigene_synonym Nep3 33005
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Cec) CEC ncbigene_synonym CecA1 43596
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Cec) CEC ncbigene_synonym CecA2 43597
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Cec) CEC ncbigene_synonym CecB 43598
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Cec) CEC ncbigene_synonym CecC 43599
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Cec) CEC ncbigene_synonym Cec2 3772199
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Pol POL ncbigene_synonym Polr2A 32100
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Pol POL ncbigene_synonym Prim1 38942
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Pol POL ncbigene_synonym PolA1 42553
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Pol POL ncbigene_synonym PolA2 43278
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Pol POL ncbigene_synonym sv 43825
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Pol POL ncbigene_synonym Prim2 44915
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Pol POI ncbigene_synonym svr 30998
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates se SE ncbigene_symbol se 38973
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates RanGAP RANGAP ncbigene_symbol RanGAP 35223
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates RaP RAP ncbigene_synonym Rap1 38244
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates RaP RAP ncbigene_synonym fzr 45922
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Nd1 ND1 ncbigene_symbol ND1 19893558
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates (TAP) TAP ncbigene_symbol tap 39935
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates (TAP) TAP ncbigene_synonym P32 37006
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates (TAP) TAP ncbigene_synonym tapas 37304
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates an AN ncbigene_symbol an 247752
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates pn PN ncbigene_symbol pn 31194
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates tal TAL ncbigene_synonym Taldo 37804
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates tal TAL ncbigene_synonym tal-2A 7354376
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates tal TAL ncbigene_synonym tal-AA 7354377
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates tal TAL ncbigene_synonym tal-3A 7354378
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates tal TAL ncbigene_synonym tal-1A 7354381
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates tal TA1 ncbigene_synonym alphaTub84B 40848
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates tal TAI ncbigene_symbol tai 34242
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Pab PAB ncbigene_synonym pAbp 37070
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Om OM ncbigene_symbol om 5656959
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates ar AR ncbigene_symbol ar 44503
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Nate NATE ncbigene_symbol nate 44104
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates pot POT ncbigene_symbol pot 32154
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates CHC) CHC ncbigene_symbol Chc 32537
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates pos POS ncbigene_symbol Pos 43762
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates nude NUDE ncbigene_symbol nudE 39169
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Ran RAN ncbigene_symbol Ran 44072
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates par PAR ncbigene_symbol par 5656961
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates par PAR ncbigene_synonym para 32619
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates par PAR ncbigene_synonym par-6 32752
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates pr PR ncbigene_symbol pr 35292
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates mal MAL ncbigene_symbol mal 33045
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates mal MAL ncbigene_synonym bs 37890
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates mal MAL ncbigene_synonym Mrtf 38338
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates amal AMA1 ncbigene_symbol Ama-1 247749
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates aP, AP ncbigene_symbol ap 35509
Homo sapiens Primates NPC NPC ncbigene_synonym NPC1 4864
Homo sapiens Primates wnd WND ncbigene_synonym ATP7B 540
Homo sapiens Primates ANP ANP ncbigene_synonym NPPA 4878
Homo sapiens Primates mANA MANA ncbigene_synonym MAN2C1 4123
Homo sapiens Primates nANP. NANP ncbigene_symbol NANP 140838
Homo sapiens Primates ALY ALY ncbigene_synonym ALYREF 10189
Homo sapiens Primates NNat NNAT ncbigene_symbol NNAT 4826
Homo sapiens Primates Ots OTS ncbigene_synonym OTSC1 5012
Homo sapiens Primates ard ARD ncbigene_synonym ADI1 55256
Homo sapiens Primates CAP CAP ncbigene_synonym CTAA1 1483
Homo sapiens Primates CAP CAP ncbigene_synonym LNPEP 4012
Homo sapiens Primates CAP CAP ncbigene_synonym SERPINB6 5269
Homo sapiens Primates CAP CAP ncbigene_synonym HACD1 9200
Homo sapiens Primates CAP CAP ncbigene_synonym CAP1 10487
Homo sapiens Primates CAP CAP ncbigene_synonym SORBS1 10580
Homo sapiens Primates CAP CAP ncbigene_synonym BRD4 23476
Homo sapiens Primates CAP CAP famplex_relations CAP2 10486
Homo sapiens Primates CAPR CAPR ncbigene_synonym CTNNA2 1496
Homo sapiens Primates (Net) NET ncbigene_synonym ELK3 2004
Homo sapiens Primates (Net) NET ncbigene_synonym EPHB1 2047
Homo sapiens Primates (Net) NET ncbigene_synonym SLC6A2 6530
Homo sapiens Primates LAP LAP ncbigene_symbol LAP 7939
Homo sapiens Primates LAP LAP ncbigene_synonym ACP2 53
Homo sapiens Primates LAP LAP ncbigene_synonym TGFB1 7040
Homo sapiens Primates LAP LAP ncbigene_synonym PICALM 8301
Homo sapiens Primates LAP LAP ncbigene_synonym LAP3 51056
Homo sapiens Primates LAP LAP ncbigene_synonym CENPJ 55835
Homo sapiens Primates LAP LAP ncbigene_synonym PDON2 406237
Homo sapiens Primates CBG) CBG ncbigene_synonym SERPINA6 866
Homo sapiens Primates CBG) CBG ncbigene_synonym GBA3 57733
Homo sapiens Primates PABP2 PABP2 ncbigene_synonym PABPN1 8106
Homo sapiens Primates PABP2 PABP2 ncbigene_synonym PABPC1P2 728773
Homo sapiens Primates FRA FRA ncbigene_synonym FOLR1 2348
Homo sapiens Primates FRA FRA ncbigene_synonym FOSL1 8061
Homo sapiens Primates FRA FRA ncbigene_synonym RABEP2 79874
Homo sapiens Primates via VIA ncbigene_synonym SEMA6A 57556
Homo sapiens Primates ATPase,doksatNPCviaNupe14: ATPASE ncbigene_synonym DNAH8 1769
Homo sapiens Primates Otps OTP ncbigene_symbol OTP 23440
Homo sapiens Primates Get GET ncbigene_synonym RESF1 55196
Homo sapiens Primates inS INS ncbigene_symbol INS 3630
Homo sapiens Primates ATP ATP ncbigene_synonym ATP8A2 51761
Homo sapiens Primates png PNG ncbigene_synonym PPP1R14B 26472
Homo sapiens Primates CALY CALY ncbigene_symbol CALY 50632
Homo sapiens Primates Nat NAT ncbigene_synonym BRD2 6046
Homo sapiens Primates UAP UAP ncbigene_synonym UBAP1 51271
Homo sapiens Primates Pol POL ncbigene_synonym ERVW-4 100616496
Homo sapiens Primates RanGAP RANGAP ncbigene_synonym RANGAP1 5905
Homo sapiens Primates RaP RAP ncbigene_synonym LRPAP1 4043
Homo sapiens Primates Nd1 ND1 ncbigene_symbol ND1 4535
Homo sapiens Primates Nd1 ND1 ncbigene_synonym IVNS1ABP 10625
Homo sapiens Primates (TAP) TAP ncbigene_synonym FLNB 2317
Homo sapiens Primates (TAP) TAP ncbigene_synonym USO1 8615
Homo sapiens Primates (TAP) TAP ncbigene_synonym NXF1 10482
Homo sapiens Primates (TAP) TAP ncbigene_synonym SEC14L2 23541
Homo sapiens Primates (TAP) TAP famplex_relations TAP1 6890
Homo sapiens Primates (TAP) TAP famplex_relations TAP2 6891
Homo sapiens Primates (TAP) TAP famplex_relations ABCB9 23457
Homo sapiens Primates Ntt NTT ncbigene_symbol NTT 7956
Homo sapiens Primates Ntt NTT ncbigene_synonym CX3CL1 6376
Homo sapiens Primates an AN ncbigene_symbol AN 100187761
Homo sapiens Primates adaptorprotein ADAPTORPROTEIN famplex_relations AP2B1 163
Homo sapiens Primates adaptorprotein ADAPTORPROTEIN famplex_relations AP2M1 1173
Homo sapiens Primates adaptorprotein ADAPTORPROTEIN famplex_relations AP2S1 1175
Homo sapiens Primates adaptorprotein ADAPTORPROTEIN famplex_relations AP3B1 8546
Homo sapiens Primates adaptorprotein ADAPTORPROTEIN famplex_relations AP3D1 8943
Homo sapiens Primates adaptorprotein ADAPTORPROTEIN famplex_relations AP3S1 1176
Homo sapiens Primates adaptorprotein ADAPTORPROTEIN famplex_relations AP3S2 10239
Homo sapiens Primates adaptorprotein ADAPTORPROTEIN famplex_relations AP1B1 162
Homo sapiens Primates adaptorprotein ADAPTORPROTEIN famplex_relations AP1G1 164
Homo sapiens Primates adaptorprotein ADAPTORPROTEIN famplex_relations AP1M1 8907
Homo sapiens Primates adaptorprotein ADAPTORPROTEIN famplex_relations AP1M2 10053
Homo sapiens Primates adaptorprotein ADAPTORPROTEIN famplex_relations AP1S1 1174
Homo sapiens Primates adaptorprotein ADAPTORPROTEIN famplex_relations AP1S2 8905
Homo sapiens Primates adaptorprotein ADAPTORPROTEIN famplex_relations AP1S3 130340
Homo sapiens Primates adaptorprotein ADAPTORPROTEIN famplex_relations AP4B1 10717
Homo sapiens Primates adaptorprotein ADAPTORPROTEIN famplex_relations AP4E1 23431
Homo sapiens Primates adaptorprotein ADAPTORPROTEIN famplex_relations AP4M1 9179
Homo sapiens Primates adaptorprotein ADAPTORPROTEIN famplex_relations AP4S1 11154
Homo sapiens Primates adaptorprotein ADAPTORPROTEIN famplex_relations AP5Z1 9907
Homo sapiens Primates adaptorprotein ADAPTORPROTEIN famplex_relations AP5B1 91056
Homo sapiens Primates adaptorprotein ADAPTORPROTEIN famplex_relations AP5M1 55745
Homo sapiens Primates adaptorprotein ADAPTORPROTEIN famplex_relations AP5S1 55317
Homo sapiens Primates adaptorprotein ADAPTORPROTEIN famplex_relations AP2A1 160
Homo sapiens Primates adaptorprotein ADAPTORPROTEIN famplex_relations AP2A2 161
Homo sapiens Primates tal TAL ncbigene_synonym TALDO1 6888
Homo sapiens Primates tal TAL ncbigene_synonym LRSAM1 90678
Homo sapiens Primates tal TA1 ncbigene_synonym TAAR1 134864
Homo sapiens Primates ar AR ncbigene_symbol AR 367
Homo sapiens Primates Hprt, HPRT ncbigene_synonym HPRT1 3251
Homo sapiens Primates CHC) CHC ncbigene_synonym CLTC 1213
Homo sapiens Primates CHC) CHC ncbigene_synonym SLC4A1 6521
Homo sapiens Primates PABP PABP ncbigene_synonym PABPC1 26986
Homo sapiens Primates nude NUDE ncbigene_synonym NDE1 54820
Homo sapiens Primates Ran RAN ncbigene_symbol RAN 5901
Homo sapiens Primates par PAR ncbigene_synonym NR1I2 8856
Homo sapiens Primates par PAR ncbigene_synonym JTB 10899
Homo sapiens Primates canp CANP ncbigene_synonym CAPN1 823
Homo sapiens Primates canp CANP ncbigene_synonym CAPNS1 826
Homo sapiens Primates canp CANP ncbigene_synonym FAM111B 374393
Homo sapiens Primates HEK. HEK ncbigene_synonym EPHA3 2042
Homo sapiens Primates mal MAL ncbigene_symbol MAL 4118
Homo sapiens Primates mal MAL ncbigene_synonym MRTFA 57591
Homo sapiens Primates mal MAL ncbigene_synonym TIRAP 114609
Homo sapiens Primates mal MA1 ncbigene_synonym PNMA1 9240
Homo sapiens Primates mal MAI ncbigene_synonym GSTZ1 2954

Chemical mentions

Word Match MeSH Name ChEBI

Disease mentions

Word Match MeSH Name DOID