mTOR signaling pathway

mTOR signaling pathway. This pathway is stimulated by a number of extracellular stimuli, including nutrients, growth factors, stress and viral infection. Signaling generated by these stimuli is relayed to downstream effectors by the mTORC1 complex. The mTORC1 can be inhibited by rapamycin treatment. The upstream activators of the mTORC2 complex however are currently unknown and mTORC2 is insensitive to rapamycin treatment. Upon activation, the mTORC1 complex phosphorylates 4E-BPI and S6K resulting in their dissociation from the cap-binding protein, eIF4E, and initiation factor 3(eIF3)respectively. This signals to impact downstream events including ribosome biogenesis, translation and cell growth. The effector molecules of mTOR pathway are targeted and modified by many viruses to preferentially translate their own mRNA as explained in the text. The Sm t-Ag of polyomaviruses also targets this pathway at different levels as indicated.

Publication

Small Tumor Antigen of Polyomaviruses: Role in Viral Life Cycle and Cell Transformation. () Kamel Khalili, et al. J Cell Physiol. ;215(2):309-319. Figure: F4. All organisms Homo sapiens Drosophila melanogaster

Disease mentions