Combined Yeast-derived Beta-Glucan with Anti-tumor Monoclonal Antibody for Cancer Immunotherapy

Briefly, the Phagocytosis Phase is characterized by the uptake of WGPs by gastrointestinal macrophages that are associated with M cells within the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) near the Peyer’s patches. The Processing and Priming Phase is characterized by the migration of macrophages from GALT to lymphoid organs, including spleen, lymph nodes, and bone marrow. WGPs also stimulate DCs for IL-12 and TNF-α production. During this time, the particulate β-glucan WGPs are digested and small soluble β-glucan is released, which primes neutrophils in a CR3-dependent manner. The Innate Effector Phase is characterized by the egress of β-glucan-primed neutrophils to the tumor in the response to C5a within the tumor milieu. Anti-tumor mAbs or natural Ab binds to tumor-associated antigens (TAA) to initiate the classical pathway of complement activation, leading to iC3b deposition on tumors. β-Glucan-primed neutrophils can engage iC3b-opsonized tumor cells for cytotoxicity. The Adaptive Effector Phase is characterized by the activation and maturation of immature DCs by WGPs. The combined WGP with antitumor mAb therapy eradicates tumors and releases tumor antigens. Immature DCs that capture tumor antigens are activated by WGPs. WGPs also stimulate DCs for IL-12 production. Maturated DCs in turn activate antigen-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells to eradicate residual tumors. PMN: polymorphonuclear leukocytes

Publication

Combined Yeast-derived β-Glucan with Anti-tumor Monoclonal Antibody for Cancer Immunotherapy. () Jingjing Liu, et al. Exp Mol Pathol. ;86(3):208-214. Figure: F1. All organisms Drosophila melanogaster Homo sapiens

Disease mentions