Role for PPAR signaling in alternative (M2) macrophage activation

A role for PPAR signaling in alternative (M2) macrophage activation. Recentr studies suggest that cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-13 promote alternative macrophage activation through a pathway that requires PPARγ and PPARδ transcriptional activity. PPARs directly regulate expression of the M2 marker Arg I and promote mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism to support the M2 phenotype. The balance between less inflammatory M2 cells and classically activated M1 macrophages is altered in mice lacking PPARs and has been proposed be involved in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance.

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Coordination of inflammation and metabolism by PPAR and LXR nuclear receptors. () Cynthia Hong, et al. Curr Opin Genet Dev. ;18(5):461-467. Figure: F2. All organisms Danio rerio Homo sapiens

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