RA synthesis pathway

RA synthesis pathway. Conversion of vitamin A (retinol) to retinoic acid (RA) requires two sequential oxidation steps. First, retinol is oxidized to retinaldehyde by either alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) or short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR). Second, retinaldehyde is oxidized to RA by retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH). Once synthesized, RA can regulate transcription by serving as a ligand for nuclear RA receptors (RAR), or RA can be further oxidized by P450 enzymes (CYP26) as part of a degradative pathway.
RA synthesis pathway
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Publication

Retinoic Acid Regulation of the Somitogenesis Clock. () Gregg Duester. Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today. ;81(2):84-92. Figure: F1.

Gene mentions


Organism Group Word Match Source NCBI Symbol NCBI ID
Homo sapiens Primates RALDH1 RALDH1 ncbigene_synonym ALDH1A1 216
Homo sapiens Primates RALDH2 RALDH2 ncbigene_synonym ALDH1A2 8854
Homo sapiens Primates RALDH3 RALDH3 ncbigene_synonym ALDH1A3 220
Homo sapiens Primates CYP26A1 CYP26A1 ncbigene_symbol CYP26A1 1592
Homo sapiens Primates CYP26B1 CYP26B1 ncbigene_symbol CYP26B1 56603
Homo sapiens Primates RXRa RXRA ncbigene_symbol RXRA 6256
Homo sapiens Primates RARA RARA ncbigene_symbol RARA 5914
Homo sapiens Primates RARB RARB ncbigene_symbol RARB 5915
Homo sapiens Primates RXRB RXRB ncbigene_symbol RXRB 6257
Homo sapiens Primates CYP26C1 CYP26C1 ncbigene_symbol CYP26C1 340665
Danio rerio Vertebrates RALDH2 RALDH2 ncbigene_synonym aldh1a2 116713
Danio rerio Vertebrates RALDH3 RALDH3 ncbigene_synonym aldh1a3 751785
Danio rerio Vertebrates receptor RECEPTOR ncbigene_synonym kita 30256
Danio rerio Vertebrates receptor RECEPTOR ncbigene_synonym ngfra 100535003
Danio rerio Vertebrates CYP26A1 CYP26A1 ncbigene_symbol cyp26a1 30381
Danio rerio Vertebrates CYP26B1 CYP26B1 ncbigene_symbol cyp26b1 324188
Danio rerio Vertebrates RXRa RXRA ncbigene_synonym rxrga 30464
Danio rerio Vertebrates RXRa RXRA ncbigene_synonym rxrba 30530
Danio rerio Vertebrates RXRa RXRA ncbigene_synonym rxrab 793011
Danio rerio Vertebrates RARA RARA ncbigene_synonym raraa 30680
Danio rerio Vertebrates CYP26C1 CYP26C1 ncbigene_symbol cyp26c1 554036

Chemical mentions

Word Match MeSH Name ChEBI
4-oxo-retinoic acid all-trans-4-oxoretinoic acid mesh:C002202 4-oxoretinoic acid chebi:80656
Retinaldehyde Retinaldehyde mesh:D012172 all-trans-retinal chebi:17898
retinaldehyde Retinaldehyde mesh:D012172 all-trans-retinal chebi:17898
retinoic acid Tretinoin mesh:D014212 all-trans-retinoic acid chebi:15367
CH2-OH retinol Vitamin A mesh:D014801 all-trans-retinol chebi:17336

Disease mentions

Word Match MeSH Name DOID