The canonical transforming growth factor (TGF)B/Smad signaling pathway

The canonical transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/Smad signaling pathway. Members of the TGF-β family of growth factors (TGF-βs, activins, nodals) interact sequentially with two membrane receptors. TGF binds first to the constitutively active type II receptor (R) and then the ligand-recepor complex associates with type I TGF-R. TGF-IIR (TβIIR) phosphorylates TGF-IR (TβIR) on a cluster of serine threonine residues. Activated TGF-RI propogates the signal downstream by directly phosphorylating Smad2 and Smad3. These form heterodimeric or trimeric complexes with Smad 4 and translocate into the nucleus where, in combination with LEF-1/T cell factor (TCF) family transcription factors, they down-regulate E-cadherin genes and initiate epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Complexes of Smad7 and Smurf1 or Smurf2 promote ubiquination and degradation of activated receptors limiting the intensity and duration of signaling. P, phosphorylation sites; SARA, small anchor for receptor activity. (Adapted from [61].)
The canonical transforming growth factor (TGF)B/Smad signaling pathway
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Publication

Relevance of the stroma and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) for the rheumatic diseases. (2006) Nathan J Zvaifler. Arthritis Res Ther. 2006;8(3):210-210. Figure: F2.

Gene mentions


Organism Group Word Match Source NCBI Symbol NCBI ID
Mus musculus Rodents TGF-B TGFB ncbigene_synonym Tgfb1 21803
Mus musculus Rodents TGF-B TGFB ncbigene_synonym Ltbp1 268977
Mus musculus Rodents TBRII TBRII ncbigene_synonym Tgfbr2 21813
Mus musculus Rodents TBRI TBRI ncbigene_synonym Tgfbr1 21812
Mus musculus Rodents SARA SARA ncbigene_synonym Sar1a 20224
Mus musculus Rodents SARA SARA ncbigene_synonym Zfyve9 230597
Mus musculus Rodents Smad2 SMAD2 ncbigene_symbol Smad2 17126
Mus musculus Rodents Smad2/3 SMAD3 ncbigene_symbol Smad3 17127
Mus musculus Rodents Smad4 SMAD4 ncbigene_symbol Smad4 17128
Mus musculus Rodents CRM1 CRM1 ncbigene_synonym Xpo1 103573
Homo sapiens Primates TGF-B TGFB ncbigene_synonym TGFB1 7040
Homo sapiens Primates TGF-B TGFB famplex_relations TGFB2 7042
Homo sapiens Primates TGF-B TGFB famplex_relations TGFB3 7043
Homo sapiens Primates TBRII TBRII ncbigene_synonym TGFBR2 7048
Homo sapiens Primates TBRI TBRI ncbigene_synonym TGFBR1 7046
Homo sapiens Primates SARA SARA ncbigene_synonym ZFYVE9 9372
Homo sapiens Primates SARA SARA ncbigene_synonym SAR1A 56681
Homo sapiens Primates Smad2 SMAD2 ncbigene_symbol SMAD2 4087
Homo sapiens Primates Smad2/3 SMAD3 ncbigene_symbol SMAD3 4088
Homo sapiens Primates Smad4 SMAD4 ncbigene_symbol SMAD4 4089
Homo sapiens Primates CRM1 CRM1 ncbigene_synonym XPO1 7514
Rattus norvegicus Rodents TGF-B TGFB ncbigene_synonym Tgfb1 59086
Rattus norvegicus Rodents TBRI TBRI ncbigene_synonym Tgfbr1 29591
Rattus norvegicus Rodents Smad2 SMAD2 ncbigene_symbol Smad2 29357
Rattus norvegicus Rodents Smad2/3 SMAD3 ncbigene_symbol Smad3 25631
Rattus norvegicus Rodents Smad4 SMAD4 ncbigene_symbol Smad4 50554
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates TGF-B TGF-B ncbigene_synonym dpp 33432
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates TGF-B TGF-B ncbigene_synonym gbb 37778
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates TGF-B TGF-B ncbigene_synonym put 41772
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates TGF-B TGF-B ncbigene_synonym mav 43804
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates SARA SARA ncbigene_symbol Sara 44263
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Smad2 SMAD2 ncbigene_synonym Smox 31738
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates Smad4 SMAD4 ncbigene_synonym Med 43725
Drosophila melanogaster Invertebrates CRM1 CRM1 ncbigene_synonym emb 34167

Chemical mentions

Word Match MeSH Name ChEBI

Disease mentions

Word Match MeSH Name DOID