Potential association between the ER stress signaling pathway and obesity

The potential association between the ER stress signaling pathway and obesity. ER stress induced by a variety of factors activates the unfolded protein response (UPR). PERK, IRE1α, and ATF6α, located in the ER membrane, act as UPR messengers and maintain ER stability by coordinating protein production and gene expression. PERK reduces protein synthesis by modifying eIF2α and induces CHOP through ATF4 mRNA translation. IRE1α splices XBP1 mRNA to generate XBP1 and induces genes linked to ER function. XBP1 enhances ER membrane formation, protein folding, transport, and ERAD. ATF6α is processed in the Golgi by S1P and S2P to release p50ATF6α (cleaved ATF6), which is pivotal for genes involved in ER protein folding and processing. All of these processes are multifactorial and highly interlinked
Potential association between the ER stress signaling pathway and obesity
Download JPG
View figure at PMC Read paper at PMC
PMC

Publication

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Its Impact on Adipogenesis: Molecular Mechanisms Implicated (2023) Gyuhui Kim, et al. Nutrients. 2023 Dec;15(24). Figure: F2.

Gene mentions


Organism Group Word Match Source NCBI Symbol NCBI ID
Caenorhabditis elegans Invertebrates elF2a EIF2A ncbigene_symbol eif-2alpha 171769
Caenorhabditis elegans Invertebrates elF2a EIF2A ncbigene_symbol eif-2A 174606
Caenorhabditis elegans Invertebrates IRE1 IRE1 ncbigene_symbol ire-1 174305
Caenorhabditis elegans Invertebrates ATF6 ATF6 ncbigene_symbol atf-6 181405
Caenorhabditis elegans Invertebrates XBP1 XBP1 ncbigene_symbol xbp-1 175541
Caenorhabditis elegans Invertebrates ATF4 ATF4 ncbigene_symbol atf-4 181576
Homo sapiens Primates elF2a EIF2A ncbigene_symbol EIF2A 83939
Homo sapiens Primates elF2a EIF2A ncbigene_synonym EIF2S1 1965
Homo sapiens Primates GRP78 GRP78 ncbigene_synonym HSPA5 3309
Homo sapiens Primates PERK PERK ncbigene_synonym EIF2AK3 9451
Homo sapiens Primates IRE1 IRE1 ncbigene_synonym ERN1 2081
Homo sapiens Primates ATF6 ATF6 ncbigene_symbol ATF6 22926
Homo sapiens Primates JNK JNK ncbigene_synonym MAPK8 5599
Homo sapiens Primates JNK JNK famplex_relations MAPK9 5601
Homo sapiens Primates JNK JNK famplex_relations MAPK10 5602
Homo sapiens Primates AKT AKT ncbigene_synonym AKT1 207
Homo sapiens Primates AKT AKT famplex_relations AKT2 208
Homo sapiens Primates AKT AKT famplex_relations AKT3 10000
Homo sapiens Primates IRS1 IRS1 ncbigene_symbol IRS1 3667
Homo sapiens Primates XBP1 XBP1 ncbigene_symbol XBP1 7494
Homo sapiens Primates XBP1 XBP1 ncbigene_synonym XBP1P1 7495
Homo sapiens Primates S1P S1P ncbigene_synonym MBTPS1 8720
Homo sapiens Primates S2P S2P ncbigene_synonym MBTPS2 51360
Homo sapiens Primates ATF4 ATF4 ncbigene_symbol ATF4 468
Homo sapiens Primates mTORC1 MTORC1 famplex_relations MTOR 2475
Homo sapiens Primates mTORC1 MTORC1 famplex_relations RPTOR 57521
Homo sapiens Primates CHOP CHOP ncbigene_synonym DDIT3 1649
Homo sapiens Primates NF-kB NF-KB ncbigene_synonym NFKB1 4790
Homo sapiens Primates TNF-a TNF-A ncbigene_synonym TNF 7124
Homo sapiens Primates IL-1ẞ IL1 ncbigene_synonym IL1A 3552
Homo sapiens Primates IL-1ẞ IL1 ncbigene_synonym IL1B 3553

Chemical mentions

Word Match MeSH Name ChEBI
protein Protein a protein chebi:16541
PERK PERK tetrachloroethene chebi:17300
S1P S1P (2S,3R,4E)-2-amino-3-hydroxyoctadec-4-en-1-yl dihydrogen phosphate chebi:37550
Insulin Insulin chebi:5931
CHOP ChoP N,N,N-trimethyl-2-(phosphonooxy)ethanaminium chebi:18132
Nucleus nucleus nucleus chebi:33252
TNF-a TNF-a chebi:197439

Disease mentions

Word Match MeSH Name DOID
Obesity obesity obesity DOID:9970