MicroRNAs in the Regulation of RIG-I-like Receptor Signaling Pathway: Possible Strategy for Viral Infection and Cancer

MicroRNAs regulate the RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway. RIG-I and MDA5 recognize a complementary set of viral cytosolic dsRNA ligands. Their activation is tightly regulated by phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and host proteins such as LGP2. RIG-I and MDA5 signal to MAVS, and then induce NF-κB and IRF3/7 to enter the nucleus, which promotes the release of type I IFNs and inflammatory cytokines. The activity of RIG-I and MDA5 can be regulated by several E3 ubiquitin ligases, including TRIM25 and RNF123. The circled ‘P’ indicates phosphorylation, and the circled ‘Ub’ indicates ubiquitination. MiR-BART6–3p, miR-4423–3p, miR-340–5p, miR-545, miR-145, miR-146a, miR-218, miR-485, miR-149, miR-92a, and miR-582–3p target RIG-I; miR-34b-5p, miR-203, and miR-145-5p target MDA5; miR-122 targets DAK to inhibit the expression of MDA5; miR-30a and miR-202-5p target TRIM25; miR-155 and miR-33 target AMPK; miR-200c targets CNTN1 to regulate MAVS, while miR-3570 directly targets MAVS; miR-489 and miR-146a-5p target TRAF6; and miR-9–5p targets NF-κB. MicroRNA let-7b targets IKKα. These microRNAs directly or indirectly regulate the RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway to play antiviral, antitumor, or immunomodulatory roles.

Publication

MicroRNAs in the Regulation of RIG-I-like Receptor Signaling Pathway: Possible Strategy for Viral Infection and Cancer. (2023) Dengwang Chen, et al. Biomolecules. 2023 Sep;13(9):1344. Figure: F4. All organisms Danio rerio Homo sapiens

Disease mentions